Capitalogix

Putting Bezos's Wealth Into Perspective

Jeff Bezos is officially worth ~$172 Billion dollars; more than he was worth before his divorce. 

Everyone on earth is closer to being a millionaire than he is. Think about that.  He has so much more than $1 million dollars that the homeless person willing to work for food is closer to being merely a millionaire than Bezos. The med school graduate with $100K+ in debt? Closer to being a millionaire than Bezos.  Obvious at one level ... but crazy to think about on another level, right?

Humans are notoriously bad at large numbers, so it's hard to wrap our minds around something of that scale. 

I've recently seen a couple of good visualizations of the difference between a million and a billion dollars. 

If you have an hour to "waste," this comprehensive video by Tom Scott shares a couple of different ways to look at it, and he literally goes on a road trip to show the difference. 

 

via Tom Scott

One good example from the video is "It would take almost 12 days for a million seconds to elapse and 31.7 years for a billion seconds." A billion seconds from today would be 1988. 

Another:

1 dollar

• 0.0043 inches or 0.00010922 meters (thickness)

1B dollars

• 1B x 0.0043 inches → 4.3M inches → 68 miles
• 1B x 0.00010922 meters → 109K meters → 109 kilometers

Now multiply that by 172.

In distance, Bezos's net worth is a hair under half the equatorial circumference of the Earth.

Here's a link to specifically understanding Bezos's net worth - https://mkorostoff.github.io/1-pixel-wealth. If you were to spend a dollar every second for an entire day, you would spend $86,400 per day. If you have a million dollars, you can do that for approximately twelve days. With a billion dollars, you can do that for over 31 years. Ignoring the difference between net worth and cash, Jeff Bezos could spend over $9M per day for over 31 years.

Lastly, here's a shorter video visualizing the $10 Trillion in economic stimulus the U.S. government has been undertaking. 

 

via Demonocracy

Even with these depictions, it's hard to understand. We're wired to think locally and linearly, not exponentially (it's one of the reasons I love AI so much). 

Hope this was helpful!

Let's Play: News Segment or Propaganda Piece?

There is nothing wrong with your television.  We will control all that you see and hear. We can deluge you with a thousand channels or expand one single image to crystal clarity and beyond. We can shape your vision to anything our imagination can conceive.  Enjoy ....

 

The original,, from The Outer Limits TV show was: 

There is nothing wrong with your television set. Do not attempt to adjust the picture. We are controlling transmission. If we wish to make it louder, we will bring up the volume. If we wish to make it softer, we will tune it to a whisper. We will control the horizontal. We will control the vertical. We can roll the image; make it flutter. We can change the focus to a soft blur or sharpen it to crystal clarity. For the next hour, sit quietly and we will control all that you see and hear. We repeat: there is nothing wrong with your television set. You are about to participate in a great adventure. You are about to experience the awe and mystery which reaches from the inner mind to the outer limits.

As a society, we're fairly vulnerable to groupthink, advertisements, and confirmation bias. 

We believe what we want to believe, so it can be very hard to change a belief, even in the face of contrary evidence. 

Recently, we've seen a massive uptick in distrust toward news agencies, big companies, the government, and basically anyone with a particularly large reach. 

To a certain degree, this is understandable and justified. Here is an example of the power of the media focused on a message.  Click to watch.

 

via Courier News

Propaganda has always been an issue, and almost everyone does it; governments, companies, etc. Luckily, it's easier to see today than in the past, but unluckily it's also more pervasive and insidious than before. 

It's to the point where if you watch the news you're misinformed, and if you don't watch the news you're uninformed. 

The above segment portrays a rosy picture of Amazon's efforts to protect its workers while delivering essentials to the struggling homebound masses. This comes while Amazon has come under massive fire for removing some of its protections. 

Honestly, I use Amazon and, in my opinion, this isn't a massive breach of trust. News stations have a lot of time to fill, they often have sponsored content.

That being said, it's something to be cognizant of - not necessarily offended by.

Personally, I believe I am reasonably aware and somewhat immune from propaganda. That probably isn't as true as I'd like to believe.

It used to be true that winners wrote history (think empires, wars, etc.). Now, the one that delivers the most broadcast narratives shapes the emotional and seemingly logical responses to what we perceive to be happening around us.

The result impacts elections, financial markets, buying choices, and countless other areas of our life. 

As A.I., Bots, and social media grow, our ability to discern truth from 'truthiness' weakens.

It's a great reminder that what you're seeing and hearing is carefully manufactured, and hopefully, it encourages you to get outside your bubble. 

The Pace of Success

Capitalogix started in my home.  The first employee sat at a tiny desk behind me.  Their job was to exit the trades I entered.  This was an early attempt to avoid the fear, greed, and discretionary mistakes that humans bring to the business of trading.

We started to grow ... and somehow got to 23 people working in my home.  It literally overtook my office, dining room, and the entire upstairs. Neighbors noticed (and expressed their displeasure).

Looking back, it seems crazy (and my wife seems Saintly).  But somehow, at the time, it felt natural. 

Incubating the company in my home, and growing it the way we did resulted in a closeness (a feeling much like family) that pays dividends, even today.

Speed matters ... both fast and slow.  

I shot a video on the subject. Check it out. 

 

 

There is a concept in business expressed by the phrase "measure twice and cut once."  It's much easier to do something the right way from the beginning rather than trying to fix it after you mess it up. 

It saves time and creates a better end result. 

Beginning with the end in mind is powerful.  I often spend what looks like "too much" time imagining the bigger future.  What will things look like when we are ten-times bigger?  Who will we serve?  What dangers will keep me up at night?  What opportunities will we be trying to attract or capture?  What strengths will give us confidence?  Who will we be collaborating with ... and about what?  It helps build a roadmap that makes it easier to understand whether particular activities are aligned with our future (or just something we are doing now). 

I prefer to optimize on the longer-term rather than the shorter-term.  That isn't always possible or practical ... but when it is, that is my preference.

Pace is important - and a focus on "what's the best next step" is an important driver at Capitalogix, but sometimes in order to go fast, you have to go slow. You may miss out on something, but the ultimate payoff is often worth it. 

It's a good lesson for personal growth as well.  There is no right timeline. No one size fits all.  Take your time. Find your path. 

Anna Vital via Adioma

Hope that helps. 

Coronavirus Relief: US Foreign Debt Holders

In response to COVID-19, the U.S. Government has tried numerous things to bolster the economy. 

In Q2 alone, the U.S. Treasury borrowed a record $3 trillion dollars for coronavirus relief. It's already the largest-ever borrowing for any fiscal year, and it brings our total above $26 Trillion (over $80,000 per citizen).

The concept of "Debt" can be confusing to a layman. Most people understand what it means to take on debt with a local bank, but it can be harder to understand the role debt plays in global economics. Debt often enables governments to run smoothly. But sometimes you can have too much of a good thing.

Many worry that our "excessive" government debt levels impact economic stability, the strength of our currency, and unemployment. For all the potential, it's certain that our debt with a country affects the relationship. So who "owns" most of our debt?

via HowMuch

Japan holds more U.S. debt than any other country but is followed closely by China. Both countries hold more than 6% of total foreign-held debt. 

The chart focuses on foreign debt - but only about 30% of the national debt is held by foreign countries. The rest is held by investors, the Federal Reserve, and the government. 

Taking a step back, how does our debt compare on the world stage? An important metric of debt is the debt-to-GDP ratio. It is a key indicator of the sustainability of government finance.

via OECD 

Ultimately, we're in the highest bracket, but also have a historically strong GDP to back it. It's also worth noting that lower debt levels don't necessarily translate to safety on a global scale. Yugoslavia had very low government debt until its breakup. 

In some ways, it seems like paying-off our debts seems insurmountable. Yet, our economy is reliable so we're allowed to continue borrowing. Debt is also an important part of the economic machine - it can be argued that we wouldn't have money without debt. 

While this doesn't mean we can go on borrowing forever, it does mean we have options. 

If you want to see an updated, interactive version of the U.S. Debt Clock, just click here.  It is worth spending a little time watching the pace the numbers turn.

Actions have consequences.

Something to think about. 

The Intelligent Investor

There are many different methods of investing - and I've experimented with quite a few of them (fundamental, technical, statistical, quantitative, machine learning, etc.).

Ultimately, I believe most trading techniques work until they don't. 

I don't believe that any technique always works ... but I do believe that there is always something that works. 

Likewise, I believe that there is always a best next step.

Evolutionarily, the strongest or smartest doesn't necessarily survive ... The quickest to adapt and adjust to its changing environment is the one that gains advantage.

Consequently, it makes sense to be on the lookout for sources of new learning (even if they are old).

In the same way that reading news from an opposing slant can inform your decision - studying other beliefs may help you find the underlying truths (or spark the insight you needed).

Warren Buffet is a famous value investor. He does immense research on companies, attempts to buy them at a discount and then hold on to them for long periods of time.  On some levels, our approach to the markets is radically different.  On the other hand, it would be crazy to ignore the brilliance of what he "knows" and what he does.

One of his favorite books on investing is titled The Intelligent Investor by Benjamin Graham. It's a great introduction to the basics of value investing (versus speculating) and the role of inflation, margin of safety, etc. 

It's worth a read ... but if you want to watch a good summary, here's a six-minute video. 

 

via Financial Freedom

If you aren't learning, you're dying.

Learning From the Renaissance (No, Not That One...)

Jim Simons is a mathematician and cryptographer who realized that the complex math he used to break codes could help explain financial patterns – and he made billions because of it in his notoriously secretive hedge fund firm called Renaissance Technologies.

He is famous not only for the duration of his success and the size of his results ... but also for the way he made his money (with much lower volatility and risk than his peers and competitors).

His flagship - the Medallion fund - has averaged a net return of 39.1% and has been closed to new investors since 1993. Even more impressive is that those results are on top of their 5% management fee and a 44% performance fee.

To put that into perspective, if you had invested $1,000 into the Medallion Fund in 1988 when it launched, your money would have grown to in excess of $23MM at the end of 2019.

His background is impressive. Simons taught at Harvard and MIT and worked with the NSA. Here is a video where he shares some thoughts in a 2015 TED talk interview. It's worth a watch.

 

via TED

Interesting stuff ... I hope you got something from it. 

His success exists at the nexus of vast amounts of data, next-level technological infrastructure, and intellectual property built by various flavors of mathematicians. A good place to be in the coming world, and a reminder that if you don't know what your edge is, you don't have one. 

Despite advanced math still being a mystery to many,  most rely on it more than ever ... for example, look at what we're seeing with the growth of machine learning and AI.

The Heartbeat of AI is Still Human

Today, the best algorithms are autonomous. They don't rely on inventors to derive novel insights from the ingested datasets. They take whatever data they can get their hands on, process it, and extract decision signals. Some don't even form hypotheses, they simply look for correlations - the data is an abstraction to be solved in the purest sense. 

You don't have to understand why the models do what they do - simply, what it's doing, and that you trust it's construction. 

Regardless of how autonomous the systems get, humans are still vital. 

Simons built a team of mathematicians whose motivation was doing exciting mathematics and science (rather than hired guns who could be lured away by money).

That doesn't mean money wasn't a motivator, but it hits on something important. 

The heart of good math and good AI will always benefit from the quality of the humans around it. You still have to champion integrity, culture, and purpose.

 

Better Math as a Competitive Advantage

We stayed ahead of the pack by finding other approaches and shorter-term approaches to some extent ... but the real thing was to gather a tremendous amount of data – Jim Simons

If you've been to our office, or heard me speak, you know how important I believe those ideas are to continuing prosperity. 

Constant innovation on a massive scope and scale creates more ways to win.

Onwards!

Here Are Some Links For Your Weekly Reading - June 28th, 2020

 

Here are some of the posts that caught my eye recently. Hope you find something interesting.

Lighter Links:

• Air Travel Data Suggests China Had Nearly 40 Times the COVID-19 Cases They Reported. (VFTW)
• Airlines Tried Social Distancing on Board. For Many, that Experiment is Ending. (Chron)
• MLB Targets 60-Game Season Starting around July 24, Assuming Conditions Met. (ESPN)
• Doomscrolling is Slowly Eroding Your Mental Health. (Wired)
• Photos Show Devastation Unleashed on Terror Leaders by Sword-carrying Ninja Bomb'. (MilitaryTimes)

 

Trading Links:

• Delta Could Furlough More Than 2,500 Pilots, Will Close 3 Flight Attendant Bases. (ThePointsGuy)
• You Won't Believe How Many Airlines Haven't Survived Coronavirus. How Does It Affect You? (Forbes)
• These Mall Staples Announced Thousands of Store Closures in June. (CNN)
• Here's Why New Traders are Losing Money. (TheStreet)
• Warren Buffett Has Warned about the Dangers of Speculating for Years. Day Traders Aren't Listening. (BusinessInsider)

A Look At the Highest-Valued Startups in the World

Statista put together a list of the ten highest-valued unicorn startups in the world based on numbers from CBInsights. To see more information on these startups, click here. 

A unicorn startup is a private company with a valuation of over $1 billion. As of June 2020, there are more than 400 unicorns around the world. Variants include a decacorn, valued at over $10 billion, and, soon, a hectocorn, valued at over $100 billion.

 

via Statista

China had the two highest-valued startups on the list.  Both the U.S. and China each have four companies on the list of the ten highest-valued startups. The U.S. companies are easily recognizable - Stripe, SpaceX, Airbnb, and Epic Games. The Chinese companies may have slipped under your radar (but they would probably be easily recognizable to you if you lived in China). 

1. Bytedance uses machine learning to tailor newsfeeds for users on various platforms, including Toutiao in China and TikTok in the US. In May, Disney's head of streaming came on as CEO of TikTok and COO of Bytedance.
2. DiDi Chuxing provides various app-based transportation, including taxis, on-demand services, bikes, and more. They're a competitor to Uber and Lyft that has dominated the Asian market and is using AI to optimize dispatch and route planning for its services.
3. Kuaishou is a video sharing app with over 200 million active daily users. It has unusually strong support from users outside of "tier 1" cities and has received massive support from multimedia conglomerate Tencent.
4. DJI Innovations is (by a large margin) the world leader in drones and quadcopters, accounting for over 70% of the civilian market. They're also used extensively by militaries, police forces, and even terrorist groups. 

According to CB Insights, there are more than 400 unicorn startups (companies valued at US$1 billion or more) in the world as of May 2020.  Meanwhile, 24 of the companies in the ranking were valued at US$10 billion or more. 

The top 10 list of decacorns also includes Indian e-commerce platform PayTM and Singaporean ride-hailing app Grab. Further down the list, UK data center provider Global Switch (rank 19), Indonesia’s answer to WeChat, umbrella app Go-Jek (rank 20), Brazilian fintech provider Nubank (rank 21) and a second player from India, hotel startup Oyo (rank 22), make appearances.

Lessons From 2020's Markets

The idea that the market is not the economy has been made very clear over these past months. While businesses continue to shutter or (if they're lucky) slowly re-open, the stock market has rallied immensely since the initial crash - in large part due to governmental efforts. The markets are so confusing right now that CNBC has given up and created a new type of market - the kangaroo market ... I assume implying "jumpy" volatility. 

The rally has only served to increase the uncertainty as people hold their breath waiting for the drop... For all that waiting, "dumb money" has been beating a lot of "intelligent" investors.

I found an interesting visualization that shows the performance of the S&P through the performance of its underlying stocks. 

 

via Chartfleau

As you watch the video you can see that most of these underlying stocks are struggling - but they're being propped up by a relatively small number of stocks, including the likes of tech giants, the gold mining company Newmont Corporation and the HVAC company Carrier Global. 

While many funds still struggle, novice investors and day traders listening to the advice of "buy low, sell high" have made staggering gains. 

I'm not encouraging a back-to-basics approach to trading, but I think it is a good reminder that sometimes, as Da Vinci said, "simplicity is the ultimate sophistication." 

Being in Fintech, I'm always paying attention to the newest "sophisticated" technologies, looking for a new edge - and that's valuable - but you can't throw out the baby with the bathwater. 

So, I find myself looking for what's timeless (instead of timely) in what others are doing. 

At a Genius Network meeting recently, Brian Tracy mentioned two key questions he asks himself (before writing a book) that I think are very insightful. 

Would this work 20 years from now? Would this have worked 20 years ago?

Tools and techniques change... why often doesn't matter.

The truth is, if you don't know what your edge is ... then you don't have one.  

On a related note, if nothing is working ... doing nothing is an option!

Hope that helped. 

Talking AI, Analytics, and Trading With IBM

I'll be speaking at an IBM Webinar on June 18th. The focus is on using AI, analytics, and advanced computing to improve trading research. Click here to sign-up.