Capitalogix

Yield of Dreams: Laughing Your Way To Financial Freedom

The movie Field of Dreams came out the year my first son was born. If you haven't seen it, it's a fantastic movie. 

Whether you’ve seen it (or not), you might want to see Charlie Epstein’s a one-man play called Yield of Dreams. 

I put together a quick video on why you should watch it:

>> Click Here to check it out

Many of the people who read my blog, or are subscribed to my newsletter, are either entrepreneurs or in the financial space. While Charlie Epstein moonlights as an actor/comedian, his day job is in financial services. He's incredibly sharp, very knowledgeable ... and yes, a little quirky. 

But that quirkiness is what makes him funny - so much so that you'll be captivated long enough to gain some real value. Charlie does an excellent job teaching people how to do practical things to ensure they have enough money when they retire to live a good life.

More importantly, he helps you think about your mindsets and what you truly want, so you can live the life you've always dreamed of and deserved. And even though I didn't think I needed to learn anything new, I gained a ton of practical value – and you probably will too.

As a bonus, half of the proceeds go toward supporting vets with PTSD.

There aren't many people (or "offers") I'd feel comfortable plugging, but this is one of them. As well, many of the other people I would put in front of you (like Dan Sullivan, Peter Diamandis, and Mike Koenigs) love Charlie as much as I do. 

via Yield of Dreams

So, here's the part I copied from Charlie: In this one-man show you'll discover how to

• Work less while making more than you ever have before
• Make more progress towards your dreams in one year than most people do in ten
• Step into the biggest, boldest and most confident version of yourself
• Stop worrying about money and start living your dream life

So, if any of that interests you I highly recommend you sign up. You only have a limited time to do so. 

>> Just click here to learn more about Yield of Dreams

The Benner Cycle: Making Market Predictions

When I first got interested in trading, I used to look at many traditional sources and old-school market wisdom.  I particularly liked the Stock Trader's Almanac. 

While there is real wisdom in some of those sources, most might as well be horoscopes or Nostradamus-level predictions.  Throw enough darts, and one of them might hit the bullseye. 

Traders love patterns, from the simple head-and-shoulders, to Fibonacci sequences, and the Elliot Wave Theory.

Here's an example from Samuel Benner, an Ohio farmer, in 1875.  That year he released a book titled "Benners Prophecies: Future Ups and Down in Prices," and in it, he shared a now relatively famous chart called the Benner Cycle.  Some claim that it's been accurately predicting the ups and downs of the market for over 100 years.  Let's check it out. 

 

 

Here's what it does get right ... markets go up, and then they go down ... and that cycle continues.  Consequently, if you want to make money, you should buy low and sell high ... It's hard to call that a competitive advantage.

Mostly, you're looking at vague predictions with +/- 2-year error bars on a 10-year cycle. 

However, it was close to the dotcom bust and the 2008 crash ... so even if you sold a little early, you'd have been reasonably happy with your decision to follow the cycle.

The truth is that we use cycle analysis in our live trading models.  However, it is a lot more rigorous and scientific than the Benner Cycle.  The trick is figuring out what to focus on – and what to ignore. 

Just as humans are good at seeing patterns where there are none ... they tend to see cycles that aren't anything but coincidences. 

This is a reminder that just because an AI chat service recommends something, doesn't make it a good recommendation.  Those models do some things well.  Making scientific or mathematically rigorous market predictions probably aren't the areas to trust ChatGPT or one of its rivals.

Be careful out there.

Top U.S. Banks by Uninsured Deposits ...

It's been about a month since we discussed Silicon Valley Bank (SVB). But the impact is still lingering. I know friends whose money is still tied up, and we've continued to see increased coverage of banks' perceived failures. 

Currently, there are $7 trillion sitting uninsured in American banks. VisualCapitalist put together a list of the 30 biggest banks by uninsured deposits. 

 

via visualcapitalist

Many of the banks on this list are systemically important to the banking system ... which means the government would be more incentivized to prevent their collapse. 

It's important to make clear that these banks differ from SVB in several ways. To start, their userbase is much more diverse ... but even more importantly, their loans and held-to-maturity securities are much lower as a percentage of total deposits. Those types of loans took up the vast majority of SVB's deposits, while they make up less than 50% of the systemically important banks on this list. But, according to VisualCapitalist, 11 banks on this list have ratios over 90%, just like SVB, which brings them to a much higher risk level. 

Regulators stepped up in the wake of the SVB collapse, and the Fed also launched the Bank Term Funding Program (BTFP), as we discussed in the last article on this subject. But, it remains to be seen what will happen in the future. 

Does the Fed have another option besides saving the banks and backing deposits? If not, market participants will start to rely on the Fed to come to the rescue, making even riskier decisions than they already were. 

It feels like the Fed is stuck between a rock and a hard place, but hopefully, we will start to see some movement in the right direction.

Should We Temporarily Halt The Progress of Generative AI?

Several high-profile names (including Elon Musk) have penned an open letter calling for the pause of the creation of models more powerful than GPT-4. 

In March, OpenAI unveiled GPT-4, and people were rightfully impressed. Now, fears are even greater about the potential consequences of more powerful AI. 

The letter raises a couple of questions. 

Should we let machines flood our information channels with propaganda and untruth? Should we automate away all the jobs, including the fulfilling ones? Should we develop nonhuman minds that might eventually outnumber, outsmart, obsolete and replace us? Should we risk loss of control of our civilization? - Pause Giant AI Experients: An Open Letter

The crux of their message is that we shouldn't be blindly creating smarter and more robust AI until we are confident that they can be managed and controlled to maintain a positive impact. 

During the pause the letter calls for, the suggestion is for AI labs and experts to jointly develop and implement safety protocols that would be audited by an independent agency. At the same time, the letter calls for developers to work with policymakers to increase governance and regulatory authorities. 

My personal thoughts? Trying to stop (or even pause) the development of something as important as AI is naive and impractical. From the Industrial Revolution to the Information Age, humanity has always embraced new technologies, despite initial resistance and concerns. The AI Age is no different, and attempting to stop its progress would be akin to trying to stop the tide. On top of that, AI development is a global phenomenon, with researchers, institutions, and companies from around the world making significant contributions. Attempting to halt or slow down AI development in one country would merely cede the technological advantage to other nations. In a world of intense competition and rapid innovation, falling behind in AI capabilities could have severe economic and strategic consequences.

It is bigger than a piece of software or a set of technological capabilities. It represents a fundamental shift in what's possible.

The playing field changed.  We are not going back. 

The game changed.  That means what it takes to win or lose changed as well.

Yes, AI ethics is an important endeavor and should be worked on as diligently as the creation of new AI.  But there is no pause button for exponential technologies like this.

Change is coming.  Growth is coming. Acceleration is coming. Trying to reject it is an exercise in futility. 

We will both rise to the occasion and fall to the level of our readiness and preparedness.  

Actions have consequences, but so does inaction.  In part, we can't stop because bad actors certainly won't stop to give us time to combat them or catch up. 

When there is some incredible new "thing" there will always be some people who try to avoid it ... and some who try to leverage it (for good and bad purpose).

There will always be promise and peril.

What you focus on and what you do remains a choice. 

Whether AI creates abundance or doomsday for you will be defined largely by how you perceive and act on the promise and peril you perceive. Artificial intelligence holds the potential to address some of the world's most pressing challenges, such as climate change, disease, and poverty. By leveraging AI's capabilities, we can develop innovative solutions and accelerate progress in these areas.

It's two sides of the same coin. A 6-month hiatus won't stop what's coming. In this case, we need to pave the road as we traverse it. 

We live in interesting times!

What do you think?

Predicting The Future With Arthur C Clarke

Last week, I shared a couple of videos that attempted to predict the future. As a result, someone sent me a video of Arthur C Clarke's predictions that I thought was worth sharing.

Arthur C Clarke was a fantastic science fiction writer and a famous futurist. You probably know him as the author of 2001: A Space Odyssey.

Here are his predictions from 1964, nearly 60 years ago.

 

via BBC Archive 

Arthur C. Clarke had a profound impact on the way we imagine the future. Known for his remarkable predictions, Clarke's ideas may have seemed farfetched at times, yet his thoughts on the future and the art of making predictions were grounded in reason.

If a prophet from the 1960s were to describe today's technological advancements in exaggerated terms, their predictions would sound equally ridiculous. The only certainty about the future is that it will be fantastical beyond belief, a sentiment Clarke understood well.

You can be a great futurist even if many of your predictions are off in execution, but correct in direction. For example, Clarke predicted that the advancements in communication would potentially make cities nonexistent. While cities still exist - in much the same way as in the 1960s - people can now work, live, and make a massive difference in their companies from anywhere on the planet, even from a van traveling around the country. Global communication is so easy that it's taken for granted. 

As a science fiction author, some of what he wrote about might seem ridiculous today. For example, super-monkey servants creating trade unions.  Much of what he wrote about was what could happen (and to provide a way for people to think about the consequences of their actions and inactions).  As we discussed last week, humans often recognize big changes on the horizon ... but they rarely correctly anticipate the consequences. 

In summary, even though some of Clarke's predictions were farfetched, they were rooted in a deep understanding of human potential and the transformative power of technology. His ability to envision a fantastical future was not only a testament to his imagination, but also served as an inspiration for generations of scientists, engineers, and dreamers. By embracing the unknown and acknowledging the inherent uncertainty of the future, we can continue to push the boundaries of what is possible and strive for a world that is truly beyond belief.

You won't always be 100% correct, but you'll be much closer than if you reject what's coming. 

Tech Over The Long Run

Humans are wired to think locally and linearly ... because that's what it took to survive in a pre-industrial age. However, that leaves most of us very bad at predicting technology and its impact on our future. 

To put the future of technology in perspective, it's helpful to look at the history of technology to help understand what an amazing era we live in. 

Our World In Data put together a great chart that shows the entire history of humanity in relation to innovation. 

Max Roser via ourworldindata

3.4 million years ago, our ancestors supposedly started using tools. 2.4 million years later they harnessed fire. 43,000 years ago (almost a million years later) we developed the first instrument, a flute. 

That's an insane amount of time. Compare that to this:

In 1903, the Wright Brothers first took flight ... 66 years later, we were on the moon. 

That's less than a blink in the history of humankind, and yet we're still increasing speed. 

Technology is a snowball rolling down a mountain, picking up steam, and now it's an avalanche being driven by AI. 

But innovation isn't only driven by scientists. It's driven by people like you or me having a vision and making it into a reality. 

Even though I'm the CEO of an AI company, I don't build artificial intelligence myself ... but I can envision a bigger future and communicate that to people who can. I also can use tools that help me automate and innovate things that help free me to focus on more important ways to create value. 

The point is that you can't let the perfect get in the way of the good.  AI's impact is inevitable.  You don't have to wait to see where the train's going ... you should be boarding. 

Onwards! 

Can We Predict The Future?!

New technologies fascinate me ... As we approach the Singularity, I guess that is becoming human nature. 

Second Thought has put together a video that looks at various predictions from the early 1900s. It is a fun watch – Check it out. 

via Second Thought

It's interesting to look at what they strategically got right compared to what was tactically different. 

In a 1966 interview, Marshall McLuhan discussed the future of information with ideas that now resonate with AI technologies. He envisioned personalized information, where people request specific knowledge and receive tailored content. This concept has become a reality through AI-powered chatbots like ChatGPT, which can provide customized information based on user inputs.

Although McLuhan was against innovation, he recognized the need to understand emerging trends to maintain control and know when to "turn off the button." 

In 1966, media futurist Marshall McLuhan envisioned a form of digital research eerily similar to the customized queries now answered by AI. Then he makes a surprising admission about why he studies technological change—with a lesson I think many need to hear. pic.twitter.com/yEBJv95GvP

— Benjamin Carlson (@bfcarlson) March 22, 2023

While not all predictions are made equal, we seem to have a better idea of what we want than how to accomplish it. 

The farther the horizon, the more guesswork is involved. Compared to the prior video on predictions from the mid-1900s, this video on the internet from 1995 seems downright prophetic. 

via YouTube

There's a lesson there. It's hard to predict the future, but that doesn't mean you can't skate to where the puck is moving. Even if the path ahead is unsure, it's relatively easy to pick your next step, and then the step in front of that. As long as you are moving in the right direction and keep taking steps without stopping, the result is inevitable. 

Generative AI Explained By AI

VisualCapitalist made an infographic on Generative AI using explanations by generative AI ... a bit of a novelty, but still a helpful infographic. 

via visualcapitalist

Basically, generative AI refers to AI that generates new outputs based on the data they have been trained on. Instead of recognizing patterns and then making predictions, they're used to create images, text, audio, and more. 

Please let me know about any tools you think are especially worthy (or that I might have missed). 

With Google and Microsoft entering the space, I think you're about to see a lot of tool churn as they push redundant tools out of the market. Short-term, that'll cause a bit of chaos. Long-term, it will mean that we'll have a better diversity of tools as innovators are forced to be more creative.

South Park, ChatGPT-4, and More ...

This week, South Park released an episode written entirely by ChatGPT ... about ChatGPT. 

Here's a clip. 

... And it's funny ... Which is a testament to the power of ChatGPT.

Then, even more news started to come out. 

First, Google and Microsoft released announcements about integrating AI into their engines and services (like Google Sheets and Microsoft Office). 

Then, the most important news came out. GPT-4 was released ahead of schedule. 

In December 2022, I shared that GPT-3 was trained on 100x more parameters than any previous language model. Well, here's what GPT-4 looks like compared to GPT-3. 

And it is also much more robust. Which is mildly scary to think about ... but also very exciting. 

I was already very excited about what GPT-3 and the applications built on it were making possible, but this takes it to another level. 

Though, I have to be the voice of caution and remind you - don't rely on it as your business. It is a tool to help you increase the speed or scope of a business opportunity. But it isn't mature enough to blindly rely on it to be right – or even factually accurate. GPT-4 was optimized to sound good, which means that it might hallucinate or mislead you, even when it has the correct answer in its dataset. But it will sound good, even when it isn't right.

That being said, it outperforms GPT-3 in every single way. 

via ZDNet

ChatGPT (powered by GPT-4) is now multi-modal, meaning it will take both picture and video inputs. 

Exciting stuff ... Or at least progress.  Onwards!

The Fate Of Banking: A Brief Look at Silicon Valley Bank

This week, the rapid collapse of Silicon Valley Bank (“SVB”) stunned the venture capital and startup community.  SVB customers initiated withdrawals of $42bn in a single day (a quarter of the bank’s total deposits), and it could not meet the requests.  By Friday, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”), the US bank regulator that guarantees deposits of up to $250,000) declared SVB insolvent and took control.  The run was so swift SVB’s coffers were drained in full, and the bank carried a “negative cash balance” of nearly $1bn.

Silicon Valley Bank’s death spiral started on Wednesday when it told investors that it needed to raise over $2 billion ... in large part due to unforced errors.  To start, its balance sheet took a massive hit because of inflation and the subsequent rise in interest rates.  Deposits in the bank grew massively from 2019 to 2021, and interest rates were low, so the bank heavily invested in treasury bonds.  Those bonds were yielding an average of only 1.79% at the time.  When the Fed jacked up rates, the approximately $80 billion SVB had in bonds cratered in value.  Suddenly, SVB customers began a hysteric bank run, ultimately withdrawing $42 billion worth of deposits by the end of Thursday.  By Friday, the FDIC had seized the bank in the most significant failure since the Great Recession.  To make matters worse, 97% of deposits in the bank were above the FDIC insurance threshold and thus uninsured.

When I started writing this article, it was unclear what would happen to the thousands of VCs, PE Funds, and startups heavily reliant on SVB.  Over 65,000 startups were worried about missing payroll, and it was all dependent on the whim of the FDIC.  Luckily for them, they took aggressive action and agreed to backstop all depositors - hoping to prevent runs on any other financial institutions. 

Meanwhile, the Dow posted its worst week since June on the back of the big banks being hit with big losses. 

 

 

The FDIC stepping in is part of a broader effort by regulators to reassure customers that their money is safe.  For example, the US central bank added it was “prepared to address any liquidity pressures that may arise.”

The Fed’s new facility, the Bank Term Funding Program (BTFP), will offer loans of up to one year to lenders who pledge as collateral US Treasuries, agency debt, mortgage-backed securities, and other “qualifying assets.”

Those assets will be valued at par, and the BTFP will eliminate an institution’s need to quickly sell those securities in times of stress.  The Fed said the facility would be big enough to cover all US uninsured deposits.  The discount window, where banks can access funding at a slight penalty, remains “open and available,” the central bank added.

Officials on Sunday said that the taxpayer would bear no losses stemming from the resolution of deposits.  A levy on the rest of the banking system would fund any shortfall.  They added shareholders and certain unsecured debtholders would not be protected.

A Look at How This Happened

We’ve already touched on the bank run and what caused it ... but let’s dive deeper. 

One of the biggest risks to SVB’s business model was catering to a very tightly-knit group of investors who exhibit herd-like mentalities.  The problem with a business model like that is that when capital dries up, the deposits flee.  Unfortunately, that sounds like a bank run waiting to happen ... and it did.

The situation created a prisoner’s dilemma for depositors: I’m fine if they don’t draw their money, and they’re fine if I don’t draw mine.  But once some started withdrawing, others followed suit.

Part of what started the run was SVBs decision to search for yield in an era of ultra-low interest rates.  SVB ramped-up investment in a portfolio of highly rated government-backed securities, A significant portion of those in fixed-rate mortgage bonds carrying an average interest rate of just 1.64 percent.  While slightly higher than the meager returns it could earn from short-term government debt, the investments locked the cash away for more than a decade and exposed it to losses if interest rates rose quickly.

When rates rose sharply last year, the portfolio’s value fell by $15bn, almost equal to SVB’s total capital.  If SVB were forced to sell any of the bonds, it would risk becoming technically insolvent.

Although SVB’s deposits had been dropping for four straight quarters as tech valuations crashed from their pandemic-era highs, they plunged faster than expected in February and March.  As a result, SVB decided to liquidate almost all of the bank’s “available for sale” securities portfolio and reinvest the proceeds in shorter-term assets to earn higher interest rates and improve the pressure on its profitability.

The sale meant taking a $1.8bn hit, as the value of the securities had fallen since SVB had purchased them due to surging interest rates.

To compensate for this, SVB arranged for a public offering of the bank’s shares, led by Goldman Sachs.  It included a large investment from General Atlantic, which committed to buying $500mn of the stock.  Although that deal was announced on Wednesday night, by Thursday morning, the deal was failing.  SVB’s decision to sell the securities had surprised some investors and signaled to them that it had exhausted other avenues to raise cash.  Some “smart” VC clients directed their portfolio clients to withdraw their deposits en masse to avoid losing it all.

What happened was the “perfect storm.” Many say it was predictable, especially after a decrease in regulation (which the bank’s management successfully lobbied for in 2015). 

For now, SVB seems like an outlier, with its unusual (and specific) clientele.  Still, there’s already nervousness for other small/regional banks ... and there’s bubbling fear about the system as a whole. 

Where Do We Go From Here?

My first question is, should the FDIC raise the insurance limit above 250K?  While Giannis Antetokounmpo might have his money in 50 banks to keep it insured, it doesn’t seem a reasonable expectation of small companies that need liquidity for payroll and other monthly expenses.  While some might be happy to see a bank potentially penalized for perceived recklessness, you also have to consider the clientele of this bank - many of the innovators that are driving the future of technology (or at least, hoping to).

My second question is, where were the regulators?  The issues that led to this disaster were pointed out publicly months before this happened.  Are more regulations required to ensure trust in the American financial system?  Or is this a free market where pain and pleasure point out the evolutionary path?

What happens when another bank fails the same way?  Do we continue to find a way to bail them out?

Trust in the Fed - and the government as a whole - is low.  It’s one of the reasons why people are so interested in cryptocurrency and the blockchain.  As a result, we’re at a bit of a crossroads.  Various governmental agencies want to assure you your money is safe, but there’s no belief that will always be the case. 

SVB failed, in part, due to their own mistakes ... but they also failed due to herd mentality and negative sentiment.  Had people felt confident in this 40+ year-old bank, business might have continued as usual. 

And, what does this mean for banks and regulation as a whole?  Perception is often more important than reality in the case of markets, pricing, and a host of other supposedly logic-and data-based decisions.  Clearly, Markets are not rational ... that’s why you shouldn’t try to predict them.  Even scarier is the potential lack of trust in banks’ ability to meet the needs of their stakeholders.  There are countless banks with more than 50% of their money in uninsured deposits ... will companies want to bank with them if there aren’t safeguards protecting them?

A big crisis was averted this time ... but this won’t be the last crisis for banks. 

As news continues to shake out, I’ll give more of my thoughts, but for now, I want to watch more and see what changes. 

For a bonus laugh, here’s Jim Cramer calling Silicon Valley Bank a buy a month ago.

 

via CNBC Television