Food and Drink

  • WallStreetBets Analysis: Market Crashes & Oreos

    During the Robinhood & Gamestop debacle, I wrote an article about r/WallStreetBets where I essentially said that most of the retail investors that frequent the site don't know what they're doing, but there is the occasional real post with strong research you would see at a real firm. 

    As an example of good research done by the subreddit, here's a link to a post where a user (nobjos) analyzed 66,000+ buy and sell recommendations by financial analysts over the last 10 years to see if they had an edge. Spoiler: maybe, but only if you have sufficient AUM to justify the investment in their research. 

    There are also posts that show a clear misunderstanding of markets, and more jokes than quality posts, but I saw a great example of correlation ≠ causation. 

    In the past I've posted about the Superbowl Indicator and the Big Mac Index, but what about Oreos?

    The increasingly-depraved debuts of Oreos with more stuffing indicate unstable amounts of greed and leverage in the system, serving as an immediate indicator that the makings of a market crash are in place. Conversely, when the Oreo team reduces the amount of icing in their treats, markets tend to have great bull runs until once again society demands to push the boundaries of how much stuffing is possible.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Oreo_varieties https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_stock_market_crashes_and_bear_markets

    1974: Double Stuf Oreo released. Dow Jones crashes 45%. FTSE drops 73%.

    1987: Big Stuf Oreo released. Black Monday, a 20% single-day crash and a following bear market.

    1991: Mini Oreo introduced. Smaller icing ratios coincide with the 1991 Japanese asset price bubble, confirming the correlation works both ways and a reduction of Oreo icing may be a potential solution to preventing a future crash.

    2011: Triple Double Oreo introduced. S&P drops 21% in a 5-month bear market

    2015: Oreo Thins introduced. A complete lack of icing causes an unprecedented bull run in the S&P for years

    2019: The Most Stuf Oreo briefly introduced. Pulled off the shelf before any major market damage could occur.

    2021: The Most Stuf Oreo reintroduced. Market response: ???

     - LehmanParty via Reddit

    It's surprisingly good due diligence, but also clearly just meant to be funny. It resonates because we crave order and look for signs that make markets seem a little bit more predictable.

    Funny-mealso-me-meme-about-making-healthy-choices-but-also-eating-crap-like-all-stuf-oreos

    The problem with randomness is that it can appear meaningful. 

    Wall Street is, unfortunately, inundated with theories that attempt to predict the performance of the stock market and the economy. The only difference between this and other theories is that we openly recognize the ridiculousness of this indicator.

    More people than you would hope, or guess, attempt to forecast the market based on gut, ancient wisdom, and prayers.

    While hope and prayer are good things … they aren’t good trading strategies.

    A good reminder that even if you do the work, if you're looking at the wrong inputs, you'll get a bad answer. 

    Garbage in, garbage out. 

  • Let My People Go … Outside

    Last night was the first night of Passover, a family-centric holiday that recounts the biblical story of the Exodus of the ancient Israelites from Egypt into the Promised Land. For me, it's a reminder to appreciate what we have – and how we stand on the shoulders of those who came before us. 

    E33b6f37-46f6-4c74-b3d4-4d4681507b55

    One of the memorable phrases from Exodus is when Moses says "Let my people go!"  For generations, people assumed he was talking to the Pharoh about his people's freedom. For modern Jews, after a week of eating clogging matzohmatzoh balls, and even fried matzoh … for many Jews "Let my people go" takes on a different meaning.

    A friend asked me what part of the matzoh do the balls come from?  I don't know … but I hope the matzoh ball fairy brought you some good ones. 

    Apparently (according to my youngest son), Sea Shanties are en vogue with today's youth. So, here's a pirate Passover song. 

     

    via Six13

    For Jews, a notable part of the ritual dinner is naming each of the 10 plagues that rained over Egypt and saying "never again".

    Perhaps, this year, COVID-19 gets added to the list? 

    Just like the Jews making it through slavery, the plagues, and 40 years wandering through the wilderness and desert before entering the Promised Land … We are approaching the post-COVID promised land after a year of being stuck inside. 

    With the coming of spring, the re-opening of the world, and the reminders from the stories of Exodus and Easter - it's a great time to do a mental and physical "spring cleaning". Mine your experiences for the things you want to keep doing (or continue not doing) as things go back to "normal".  

    Hope you had a great weekend. 

    Onwards!

     
  • When Texas Freezes Over

    As I write this, Texas has already cleared up and is warm again … but the effects of a week spent below freezing (with temperatures reaching below zero) will be felt for a long time. 

     

    210221 Texas Freeze_1via Joe Raedle/Getty Images

    Even though it had not snowed here in for several days, the Rolling Blackouts continued through the end of the week.  It is hard to believe Texas does not know how to handle six inches of snow.  Having grown up near Boston, I recognize that with no plows, no sanding, and no salt … you stand little chance of keeping the roads clear. At some level, it is just idiots slipping, sliding, and waiting for the sun to come out.  But who would have thought that would describe top leaders of the State and its ability to provide basic human needs like power, water, and heating (let alone WiFi and battery power)?

     

    210221 WiFi and Battery Power on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

    The ice storm and cold snap weren’t so bad for me (compared to some of the stories I’m hearing from other people in our office). Yes, we lost power, water, and the Internet … but only for a few isolated hours.  I was lucky (and so was our data center), but millions (including several Capitalogix employees) suffered due to lack of water, electricity, or heat, and to add insult to injury – burst pipes. 

    Despite the fact that the temperature is back in the high 50s, here is a photo I took at our local supermarket this weekend.  Let's say things aren't quite back to normal yet.

     

    210221 Empty Store Shelves

    I've seen a lot of political mudslinging from both sides trying to avoid blame.  The reality is that this mess is a disaster that doesn't need to be politicized (and should be used as the raw material to make sure that something like this doesn't happen again). While Texas rarely sees weather like this, this wasn't the first time we have, and it won't be the last. 

    Two major factors came into play.

    First, Texas chose to stay off the national grid to avoid federal regulation. The Texas grid is called ERCOT, and it is run by an agency of the same name — the Electric Reliability Council of Texas. We joke about Texas seceding from the Union, but the reality is that many Texans are fiercely independent and crave less federal regulation (which is a discussion for another day) so the choice resonated with constituents.  Especially since Texas is a very energy-rich state.  Unfortunately, not being on the national grid means that when our grid is overtaxed, we're mostly on our own. In the winter of 2011, when our power sources couldn't keep up with needs we imported energy from Mexico to keep up, but this year much of Northern Mexico was struggling as well. 

    Second, Texas chose not to winterize its power sources. After 2011, a proposal was floated to winterize energy plants by adding insulation, heating pipes, etc. but it was very costly and wasn't adopted.   Many Texans (including politicians) were quick to blame it on the underperformance of renewables, but in this case, according to ERCOT,  natural gas, coal, and nuclear were affected. 

    All of these energy sources can be winterized, and renewables work fine even in Antarctica. This isn't an argument for renewables or for joining the national grid. Just an acknowledgment of the current situation. 

    ERCOT claimed that they were ready for the storm, and warned their plants to "winterize" how they could, but clearly, it wasn't enough. With more preparation locally and on the state level, Texans should be fine to handle these types of episodes in the future. With that said, it shouldn't take episodes like this to enact change. 

    Regardless, crises like this are opportunities to come together, and I've been very happy to see how many people have offered food, water, and their homes to people in need.

    Thank you to all who reached out to check in on us. 

     
  • Trends To Watch Due To The Pandemic

    The pandemic has affected many things beyond basic health. Increasingly, I see research showing meaningful increases in pornography consumption, suicide rates, and a host of other trends that are shaping our world today … but, in the longer-term, it is also affecting the face of tomorrow. 

    Flexible Workplaces

    In May, after only several months of lock-down, I was surprised how many businesses decided that they had no intention of ever requiring their employees to come back into the office

    As we close in on a year in the pandemic, I am surprised how easily we adapted to the new normal.  Even with a vaccine in sight, I suspect many of the adaptations will remain.

    Personally, I like going to the office.  Most days, I still do … even though a tiny fraction of our people are there.

    With that said, I know that our business matured.  We are better at the skills, tools, and mindsets that make remote work possible or profitable. We've gotten better at deciding what's a meeting (versus an e-mail or an online chat). People are working hours that are more comfortable for them, and we see meetings happen both earlier and later than they used to, before the quarantine. 

    As a macro trend, we also see a flight from urban centers.

     

    Migration-from-urban-areas

    via visualcapitalist

    I keep hearing about people moving far from their work-places.  Ultimately, they decided that remote work enables a new form of freedom for them – to live where they want, regardless of what they do (or who they do it for).

    Over time, I'm curious how a remote workforce will impact the quality and the amount of work done. 

    Adding to my initial concerns, flexible workspaces cause (or exacerbate) other issues, including cybersecurity, digital collaboration, defining the new workday, and a host of other challenges. 

    Digital Explosion

    I remember the early 2000s and the distress I felt watching how many time cycles my son "wasted" being on his phone (which to me, at that time, seemed like "all-the-time"). But, in retrospect, that was nothing

    Flash forward to 2019, and everything was even more "digital" and "smart."  Refrigerators, exercise bikes, billboards, and more all had screens, and 2-year-olds were already digitally literate. "All-the-time" took on a whole new meaning.

    Somehow, the pandemic still took our reliance on the digital world (or our augmented alternate reality) to the next level. 

     

    PAN Graph for HEALTH Survey

    via Alaska DHSS

    Kids are also getting less physical activity and human contact, and spending much more time online.  Contributing to this is the reality that much of their academics have been forced online.  Likewise, adults also are shifting more of their attention and activity cycles to the digital world.

    Continued screen-time increases coincide with video game revenue spiking and Internet traffic increasing by more than 50% worldwide. 

    As the world opens up, I still expect digital reliance numbers to stay above pre-COVID benchmarks. People's reliance on digital to feed their need for information, entertainment, and companionship is growing.

    Changing Business Landscape

    Starting with consumers, we've seen a massive movement toward frictionless and touchless payment. Even physical stores are prioritizing getting in and out without having to deal with another human. In addition, there's a massive move toward delivery services for groceries and meals

    On top of the changes to normal retail services, reliance on online shopping has increased, while the time it takes for electronic purchases to your door has decreased. Combined, these factors will terraform commerce.  Consequently, this year was likely an inflection point for e-commerce penetration … and, from that perspective, life will never be the same again.

     

    Ecommerce-forecastvia visual capitalist

    Despite the growth of online retail, many small businesses that couldn't move online are struggling, and many have already gone under. 

    Which leads to the next trend …

    Increasing Wealth Stratification

    While small business owners and front line workers have been struggling, billionaires saw their wealth increase by over half a trillion dollars

    Part of this is due to government aid toward large companies, part of it is due to tax laws, and part of it is due to the digital rise mentioned in the previous section. The big tech companies were already thriving, and the pandemic created a positive inflection point. 

    Despite those gains, the pandemic hit millennials and small businesses hard. 

     

    200928_millennial-covid-impact_fullwidthvia Morning Consult

    The longer the economy is affected by COVID-19 measures, the larger the wealth inequality will grow, and the more people you can expect looking for government assistance. The strong will thrive while others will suffer increasingly from learned helplessness.

    Obviously, the 2020 quarantine has created impacts in many other areas – including family stress, community isolation, political radicalization, etc. Moreover, these effects won't be isolated to this year – and we should expect many to impact our "new normal" for years to come.

    Some people consider this a challenge. I think it's the playing field. It's going to be true for everyone. What you make it mean, and what you choose to do, it is up to you.  Some will be like a cork, floating on the water, going where the tide takes it. Others will recognize the situation as an opportunity and thrive.

    The impact has been global, but the choices you make are local … and they are still your to make.

    Here is to making 2021 our best year yet!

    Onwards!

  • Feast on This: The Big Mac Index

    In the past, I've shared various "indicators" for markets that just don't make sense — like the Superbowl Indicator. The lesson to learn from those indicators is that we crave order, and look for signs that make markets seem a little bit more predictable even where there are none. 

    Wall Street is, unfortunately, inundated with theories that attempt to predict the performance of the stock market and the economy. More people than you would hope, or guess,  attempt to forecast the market based on gut, ancient wisdom, and prayers.

    While hope and prayer are good things … they aren’t good trading strategies.

    Today, I want to talk about a still "out there" index, but one that's a bit more practical from an economics standpoint (remember economics ≠ markets). I don't believe it should influence trading decisions, but I do believe it can teach you something about the practical realities of economies. 

    The Economist's Big Mac index seeks to make exchange-rate theory more digestible.  They say it is arguably the world's most accurate financial indicator (based on a fast-food item).

    The Big Mac index is based on the theory of purchasing-power parity (PPP), according to which exchange rates should adjust to equalize the price of a basket of goods and services around the world. For them, the basket is a burger … a McDonald’s Big Mac. The difference the disparity in price between Big Macs, and the actual exchange rate lets you know whether the currency is over or undervalued. 

    According to this measure (as of July 15th, 2020), the most overvalued currency is the Swiss Franc at 20.9% above it's PPP rate. In Switzerland a Big Mac costs 6.50 francs. In the U.S. a Big Mac costs $5.71. The implied exchange rate is 1.14, and the actual exchange rate is 0.94 — thus 20.9% overvalued. For contrast, South Africa Rands are the most undervalued (67%) with a Big Mac costing 31 rand and an actual exchange rate of 16.67. 

    Click the image below to see the interactive graphic.

    Screen Shot 2020-09-06 at 11.19.19 AM2via The Economist

    The index is supposed to be a guide to the direction in which currencies should, in theory, head in the long run. It is only a rough guide, because its price reflects non-tradable elements ­such as rent and labor. For that reason, it is probably least rough when comparing countries at roughly the same stage of development.

    It is not meant to be the most precise gauge, but it works as a global standard because Big Macs are global and it's lighthearted enough to be a good introduction for college students learning more about economics. 

    You can read more about the Big Mac index here or read the methodology behind the index here.

  • I Can’t Believe It’s Not Steak! (Yes, I Can)

    Last week we talked about emerging technologies … not mentioned were emerging technologies in the meat space. 

    Most of us have seen the meat alternatives grow in popularity with vegan sausages, hamburgers & more. In fact, the meat substitute industry is valued at around $5 Billion, and is expected to grow to 8.1 billion by 2026.

    I've tried an impossible burger, and while it's certainly not as good as a hamburger yet – it's better than I expected. 

    The most recent innovation is 3d-printed meat. Yes, you can print steak. Now, 3D bioprinting is still very early in its lifecycle and is primarily being used for medical purposes. Theoretically, down the line, it could be used to create meat that didn't come from a true living animal. 

    Today, however, an Israeli start-up is printing plant-based steaks that supposedly match the taste and texture of steak better than alternatives. 

    5f50f7be7ed0ee001e25d397via Reuters

    Supposedly, 3D printing allows you to better capture the muscle, blood, and fat that characterizes real meat. 

    These steaks are expected to be available at high-end European restaurants before the end of the year … Would you try one?

    Perhaps the most important question, if you could eat a steak that didn't come from a cow, but you couldn't taste the difference, would you be willing to switch?

    At some point, I think it is likely for practical sustainability issues.

    We live in interesting times!

  • Fintech, AI & Analytics – My Webinar with IBM

    Back in June, I participated in a series of webinars for IBM. The focus was on building smart and secure financial services. My talk, specifically, was on advanced computing and the new world of trading. Challenging times drive advancement – and what better time to talk about advancements in technology (and their applications) than in the midst of a global pandemic. 

    You can watch a replay of the Fintech webinar here. There are several interesting presentations.  If you just want to watch my presentation, it starts at the 5:16 mark.

    In addition, I've uploaded a different version of just my talk that you can watch directly here.

     

     

    In the past. trading used to be about people trading with people. Markets represented the collective fear and greed of populations. So price patterns and other technical analysis measures really represented the collective fear and greed of a population. If you could capture that data and figure out certain statistical probabilities, you might have had an edge. The keywords is "might have". 

    If you had more information than your competitors – an information asymmetry – you had an amazing edge. At one time that was being able to print out reports on stocks from that new-fangled technology called the internet. As time passed, it became harder and harder to gain an asymmetric information advantage. 

    The rules, the players, and the game have all changed. Today, technological asymmetry is a major factor, and your edges come from things like bigger and faster servers and low latency connections to markets.

    In the future, I see those edges combining as artificial intelligence starts to leverage exponential technologies and new data sources (like alternative data and metadata feedback loops). It is easy to imagine a time when information is the fuel, but your ability to digest and parse that information is the engine. 

    I talk about much more in the video but boiling down the main points,  ask yourself (in business, in trading, in life) are you separating the signal from the noise?

    Expect Increased Volatility and Noise_GapingVoid

    A technological advantage doesn't mean anything if you're plugging in inaccurate or biased data into it. 

    We've talked about it over the past few weeks with the never-ending news cycle – but it's a lesson that's infinitely applicable. 

    Onwards!